这是
实验性技术
检查
浏览器兼容性表格
要小心谨慎在生产中使用这之前。
Element.animate()
,
KeyframeEffect.KeyframeEffect()
，和
KeyframeEffect.setKeyframes()
all accept objects formatted to represent a set of keyframes. There are several options to this format, which are explained below.
There are two different ways to format keyframes:
An
array
of objects (keyframes) consisting of properties and values to iterate over. This is the canonical format returned by the
getKeyframes()
方法。
element.animate([
{ // from
opacity: 0,
color: "#fff"
},
{ // to
opacity: 1,
color: "#000"
}
], 2000);
Offsets for each keyframe can be specified by providing an
offset
值。
element.animate([ { opacity: 1 },
{ opacity: 0.1, offset: 0.7 },
{ opacity: 0 } ],
2000);
注意
:
offset
values, if provided, must be between 0.0 and 1.0 (inclusive) and arranged in ascending order.
It is not necessary to specify an offset for every keyframe. Keyframes without a specified offset will be evenly spaced between adjacent keyframes.
The easing to apply between keyframes can be specified by providing an
easing
value as illustrated below.
element.animate([ { opacity: 1, easing: 'ease-out' },
{ opacity: 0.1, easing: 'ease-in' },
{ opacity: 0 } ],
2000);
In this example, the specified easing only applies from the keyframe where it is specified until the next keyframe. Any
easing
value specified on the
选项
argument, however, applies across a single iteration of the animation — for the entire duration.
An
对象
containing key-value pairs consisting of the property to animate and an
array
of values to iterate over.
element.animate({
opacity: [ 0, 1 ], // [ from, to ]
color: [ "#fff", "#000" ] // [ from, to ]
}, 2000);
Using this format, the number of elements in each array does not need to be equal. The provided values will be spaced out independently.
element.animate({
opacity: [ 0, 1 ], // offset: 0, 1
backgroundColor: [ "red", "yellow", "green" ], // offset: 0, 0.5, 1
}, 2000);
The special keys
offset
,
easing
，和
composite
(described below) may be specified alongside the property values.
element.animate({
opacity: [ 0, 0.9, 1 ],
offset: [ 0, 0.8 ], // Shorthand for [ 0, 0.8, 1 ]
easing: [ 'ease-in', 'ease-out' ],
}, 2000);
After generating a suitable set of keyframes from the property value lists, each supplied offset is applied to the corresponding keyframe. If there are insufficient values, or if the list contains
null
values, the keyframes without specified offsets will be evenly spaced as with the array format described above.
If there are too few
easing
or
composite
values, the corresponding list will be repeated as needed.
In newer browser versions, you are able to set a beginning or end state for an animation only (i.e. a single keyframe), and the browser will infer the other end of the animation if it is able to. For example, consider this simple animation — the Keyframe object looks like so:
let rotate360 = [
{ transform: 'rotate(360deg)' }
];
We have only specified the end state of the animation, and the beginning state is implied.
Keyframes may specify property-value pairs for any of the
animatable css properties
. The property names are specified using camel-case so for example
background-color
becomes
backgroundColor
and
background-position-x
becomes
backgroundPositionX
. Shorthand values such as
margin
are also permitted.
Two exceptional CSS properties are:
float
, which must be written as
cssFloat
since "float" is a reserved word in JavaScript. It's just for reference here, this will have no effect on animation since "float" is not an animatable CSS property.
offset
, which must be written as
cssOffset
since "offset" represents the keyframe offset as described below.
The following special attributes may also be specified:
The offset of the keyframe specified as a number between
0.0
and
1.0
inclusive or
null
. This is equivalent to specifying start and end states in percentages in CSS stylesheets using
@keyframes
. If this value is
null
or missing, the keyframe will be evenly spaced between adjacent keyframes.
timing function used from this keyframe until the next keyframe in the series.
KeyframeEffect.composite
operation used to combine the values specified in this keyframe with the underlying value. This will be
auto
if the composite operation specified on the effect is being used.
| 规范 | 状态 | 注释 |
|---|---|---|
|
Web 动画
The definition of 'Keyframe object formats' in that specification. |
工作草案 | 初始定义 |
Element.animate
| 桌面 | 移动 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
animate
|
Chrome 36 | Edge 79 | Firefox 48 | IE 不支持 No | Opera 23 |
Safari
Yes
Disabled
|
WebView Android 37 | Chrome Android 36 | Firefox Android 48 | Opera Android 24 | Safari iOS 13.4 | Samsung Internet Android 3.0 |
composite
option
|
Chrome
79
Disabled
|
Edge
79
Disabled
|
Firefox
63
Disabled
|
IE 不支持 No |
Opera
66
Disabled
|
Safari 不支持 No | WebView Android 不支持 No |
Chrome Android
79
Disabled
|
Firefox Android
63
Disabled
|
Opera Android 不支持 No | Safari iOS 不支持 No | Samsung Internet Android 不支持 No |
id
option
|
Chrome 50 | Edge 79 | Firefox 48 | IE 不支持 No | Opera 37 | Safari 不支持 No | WebView Android 50 | Chrome Android 50 | Firefox Android 48 | Opera Android 37 | Safari iOS 不支持 No | Samsung Internet Android 5.0 |
| Implicit to/from keyframes are supported |
Chrome
不支持
No
注意事项
|
Edge 不支持 No | Firefox 75 | IE 不支持 No | Opera 不支持 No |
Safari
部分支持
13.1
注意事项
|
WebView Android 不支持 No |
Chrome Android
不支持
No
注意事项
|
Firefox Android 不支持 No | Opera Android 不支持 No |
Safari iOS
部分支持
13.4
注意事项
|
Samsung Internet Android 不支持 No |
iterationComposite
option
|
Chrome 不支持 No | Edge 不支持 No |
Firefox
63
Disabled
|
IE 不支持 No | Opera 不支持 No | Safari 不支持 No | WebView Android 不支持 No | Chrome Android 不支持 No |
Firefox Android
63
Disabled
|
Opera Android 不支持 No | Safari iOS 不支持 No | Samsung Internet Android 不支持 No |
pseudoElement
option
|
Chrome
部分支持
81
注意事项
Disabled
|
Edge
部分支持
81
注意事项
Disabled
|
Firefox 75 | IE 不支持 No |
Opera
部分支持
68
注意事项
Disabled
|
Safari 不支持 No | WebView Android 不支持 No |
Chrome Android
部分支持
81
注意事项
Disabled
|
Firefox Android 不支持 No | Opera Android 不支持 No | Safari iOS 不支持 No | Samsung Internet Android 不支持 No |
完整支持
部分支持
不支持
实验。期望将来行为有所改变。
见实现注意事项。
用户必须明确启用此特征。