草案
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rel
attribute defines the relationship between a linked resource and the current document. Valid on
<link>
,
<a>
,
<area>
，和
<form>
, the supported values depend on the element on which the attribute is found.
The type of relationships is given by the value of the
rel
attribute, which, if present, must have a value that is an unordered set of unique space-separated keywords, which are listed in the following table. Every keyword within a space-separated value should be unique within that value.
rel
值
|
描述 |
|
and
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
alternate
|
Alternate representations of the current document. | 链接 | 链接 | Not allowed |
作者
|
Author of the current document or article. | 链接 | 链接 | Not allowed |
bookmark
|
Permalink for the nearest ancestor section. | Not allowed | 链接 | Not allowed |
canonical
|
Preferred URL for the current document. | 链接 | Not allowed | Not allowed |
dns-prefetch
|
Tells the browser to preemptively perform DNS resolution for the target resource's origin | External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
external
|
The referenced document is not part of the same site as the current document. | Not allowed | Annotation | Annotation |
help
|
Link to context-sensitive help. | 链接 | 链接 | 链接 |
icon
|
An icon representing the current document. | External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
license
|
Indicates that the main content of the current document is covered by the copyright license described by the referenced document. | 链接 | 链接 | 链接 |
manifest
|
Web app manifest | 链接 | Not allowed | Not allowed |
modulepreload
|
Tells to browser to preemptively fetch the script and store it in the document's module map for later evaluation. Optionally, the module's dependencies can be fetched as well. | External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
next
|
Indicates that the current document is a part of a series and that the next document in the series is the referenced document. | 链接 | 链接 | 链接 |
nofollow
|
Indicates that the current document's original author or publisher does not endorse the referenced document. | Not allowed | Annotation | Annotation |
noopener
|
Creates a top-level browsing context that is not an auxiliary browsing context if the hyperlink would create either of those, to begin with (i.e., has an appropriate
target
attribute value).
|
Not allowed | Annotation | Annotation |
noreferrer
|
No
Referer
header will be included. Additionally, has the same effect as
noopener
.
|
Not allowed | Annotation | Annotation |
opener
|
Creates an auxiliary browsing context if the hyperlink would otherwise create a top-level browsing context that is not an auxiliary browsing context (i.e., has "
_blank
" as
target
attribute value).
|
Not allowed | Annotation | Annotation |
pingback
|
Gives the address of the pingback server that handles pingbacks to the current document. | External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
preconnect
|
Specifies that the user agent should preemptively connect to the target resource's origin. | External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
prefetch
|
Specifies that the user agent should preemptively fetch and cache the target resource as it is likely to be required for a followup navigation. | External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
preload
|
Specifies that the user agent must preemptively fetch and cache the target resource for current navigation according to the potential destination given by the
as
attribute (and the priority associated with the corresponding destination).
|
External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
prerender
|
Specifies that the user agent should preemptively fetch the target resource and process it in a way that helps deliver a faster response in the future. | External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
prev
|
Indicates that the current document is a part of a series and that the previous document in the series is the referenced document. | 链接 | 链接 | 链接 |
search
|
Gives a link to a resource that can be used to search through the current document and its related pages. | 链接 | 链接 | 链接 |
样式表
|
Imports a style sheet. | External Resource | Not allowed | Not allowed |
tag
|
Gives a tag (identified by the given address) that applies to the current document. | Not allowed | 链接 | Not allowed |
rel
attribute is relevant to the
<link>
,
<a>
,
<area>
，和
<form>
elements, but some values only relevant to a subset of those elements. Like all HTML keyword attribute values, these values are case-insenstive.
rel
attribute has no default value. If the attribute is omitted or if none of the values in the attribute are supported, then the document has no particular relationship with the destination resource other than there being a hyperlink between the two. In this case, on
<link>
and
<form>
, if the
rel
attribute is absent, has no keywords, or if not one or more of the space-separated keywords above, then the element does not create any links.
<a>
and
<area>
will still created links, but without a defined relationship.
Like all HTML keyword attribute values, these values are case-insensitive.
If there are multiple
<link rel="icon">
s, the browser uses their
media
属性，
type
and
sizes
attributes to select the most appropriate icon. If several icons are equally appropriate, the last one is used. If the most appropriate icon is later found to be inappropriate, for example, because it uses an unsupported format, the browser proceeds to the next-most appropriate, and so on.
注意：
Apple's iOS does not use this link type, nor the
sizes
attribute, like others mobile browsers do, to select a webpage icon for Web Clip or a start-up placeholder. Instead, it uses the non-standard
apple-touch-icon
and
apple-touch-startup-image
分别。
shortcut
link type is often seen before
icon
, but this link type is non-conforming, ignored and
web authors must not use it anymore
.
alternate
样式表
keyword on a
<link>
, it creates an alternate stylesheet.
<!-- a persistent style sheet --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="default.css"> <!-- alternate style sheets --> <link rel="alternate stylesheet" href="highcontrast.css" title="High contrast">
type="application/rss+xml"
it creates a hyperlink referencing a syndication feed.
<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" href="posts.xml" title="Blog">
<link rel=alternate href="/fr/html/print" hreflang=fr type=text/html media=print title="French HTML (for printing)"> <link rel=alternate href="/fr/pdf" hreflang=fr type=application/pdf title="French PDF">
作者
<link>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
elements, the
作者
keyword creates a hyperlink. With
<a>
and
<area>
, it indicates the linked document (or
mailto:
) provides information about the author of the nearest
<article>
ancestor if there is one, otherwise the entire document. For
<link>
, it represents the author of the entire document.
Note: The obsolete
rev="made"
is treated as
rel="alternate"
bookmark
rel
attribute value for the
<a>
and
<area>
elements, the bookmark provides a permalink for ancestor section, which is the nearest ancestor
<article>
or
<section>
, if there is at least one, otherwise, the nearest heading sibling or ancestor descendant, to the next..
canonical
<link>
, it defines the preferred URL for the current document, which is useful for search engines.
dns-prefetch
<link>
element both in the
<body>
and
<head>
, it tells the browser to preemptively perform DNS resolution for the target resource's origin. Useful for resources the user will likely need, it helps reduce latency and thereby improves performance when the user does access the resources as the browser preemptively performed DNS resolution for the origin of the specified resource. See
dns-prefetch
described in
resource hints
.
external
<form>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
, it indicates the referenced document is not part of the current site. This can be used with attribute selectors to style external links in a way that indicates to the user that they will be leaving the current site.
help
<form>
,
<link>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
，
help
keyword indicates that the linked to content provides context-sensitive help, providing information for the parent of the element defining the hyperlink, and its children. When used within
<link>
, the help is for the whole document. When included with
<a>
and
<area>
and supported, the default
cursor
将是
help
而不是
pointer
.
icon
Valid with
<link>
, the linked resource represents the icon, a resource for representing the page in the user interface, for the current document.
The most common use for the
icon
value is the favicon:
<link rel="icon" href="favicon.ico">
If there are multiple
<link rel="icon">
s, the browser uses their
media
属性，
type
，和
sizes
attributes to select the most appropriate icon. If several icons are equally appropriate, the last one is used. If the most appropriate icon is later found to be inappropriate, for example because it uses an unsupported format, the browser proceeds to the next-most appropriate, and so on.
Prior to Firefox 83 the
crossorigin
attribute was not supported for
rel="icon"
there is also
an open issue for Chrome
.
注意：
Apple's iOS does not use this link type, nor the
sizes
attribute, like others mobile browsers do, to select a webpage icon for Web Clip or a start-up placeholder. Instead it uses the non-standard
apple-touch-icon
and
apple-touch-startup-image
分别。
shortcut
link type is often seen before
icon
, but this link type is non-conforming, ignored and
web authors must not use it anymore
.
license
Valid on the
<a>
,
<area>
,
<form>
,
<link>
elements, the
license
value indicates that the hyperlink leads to a document describing the licensing information; that the main content of the current document is covered by the copyright license described by the referenced document. If not inside the
<head>
element, the standard doesn't distinguish between a hyperlink applying to a specific part of the document or to the document as a whole. Only the data on the page can indicate this.
<link rel="license" href="#license">
注意：
Although recognized, the synonym
copyright
is incorrect and must be avoided.
manifest
modulepreload
<link>
anywhere in the document, setting
rel="modulepreload"
tells the browser to preemptively fetch the script (and dependencies) and store it in the document's module map for later evaluation.
modulepreload
links can ensure network fetching is done with the module ready (but not evaluated) in the module map before it is necessarily needed. See also
link types:
modulepreload
.
next
<form>
,
<link>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
，
next
values indicates that the current document is a part of a series, and that the next document in the series is the referenced document. When included in a
<link>
, browsers may assume that document will be fetched next, and treat it as a resource hint.
nofollow
<form>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
，
nofollow
keyword tells search engine spiders to ignore the link relationship. The nofollow relationship may indicate the current document's owner does not endorse the referenced document. It is often included by Search Engine Optimizers pretending their link farms are not spam pages.
noopener
<form>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
, creates a top-level browsing context that is not an auxiliary browsing context if the hyperlink would create either of those to begin with (i.e., has an appropriate
target
attribute value). In other words, it makes the link behave as if
window.opener
were null and
target
="_parent"
were set.
noreferrer
<form>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
, including this value makes the referrer unknown (no
Referer
header will be included), and opens the creates a top-level browsing context, as if
noopener
were also set.
opener
_blank
" as
target
attribute value). Effectively, the opposite of
noopener
.
pingback
Gives the address of the pingback server that handles pingbacks to the current document.
preconnect
Specifies that the user agent should preemptively connect to the target resource's origin.
prefetch
Specifies that the user agent should preemptively fetch and cache the target resource as it is likely to be required for a followup navigation.
preload
as
attribute (and the priority associated with the corresponding destination).
prerender
Specifies that the user agent should preemptively fetch the target resource and process it in a way that helps deliver a faster response in the future.
prev
类似于
next
keyword, relevant to
<form>
,
<link>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
，
prev
values indicates that the current document is a part of a series, and that the link references a previous document in the series is the referenced document.
Note: The synonym
上一
is incorrect and should not be used.
search
Relevant to
<form>
,
<link>
,
<a>
，和
<area>
elements, the
search
keywords indicates that the hyperlink references a document whose interface is specially designed for searching in the current document, site, and related resources, providing a link to a resource that can be used to search.
若
type
attribute is set to
application/opensearchdescription+xml
the resource is an
OpenSearch
plugin that can be easily added to the interface of some browsers like Firefox or Internet Explorer.
样式表
Valid for the
<link>
element, it imports an external resource to be used as a stylesheet. The
type
attribute is not needed as it's a
text/css
stylesheet, as that is the default value. If it's not a stylesheet of type
text/css
it is best to declare the type.
While this attribute defines the link as being a stylesheet, the interaction with other attributes and other key terms within the rel value impact whether the stylesheet is downloaded and/or used.
当用于
alternate
keyword, it defines an alternative style sheet. In this case, include a non-empty
title
.
The external stylesheet will not be used or even downloaded if the media does not match the value of the
media
属性。
Requires the use of the CORS protocol for cross-origin fetching.
tag
<a>
，和
<area>
elements, it gives a tag (identified by the given address) that applies to the current document. The tag value denotes that the link refers to a document describing a tag applying to the document on which it is located. This link type is not meant for tags within a tag cloud, as those tags apply to a group of pages, whereas the
tag
value of the
rel
attribute is for a single document.
<!-- third-generation iPad with high-resolution Retina display: --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="/static/img/favicon144.e7e21ca263ca.png"> <!-- iPhone with high-resolution Retina display: --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="/static/img/favicon114.d526f38b09c5.png"> <!-- first- and second-generation iPad: --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="/static/img/favicon72.cc65d1d762a0.png"> <!-- non-Retina iPhone, iPod Touch, and Android 2.1+ devices: --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/static/img/favicon57.de33179910ae.png"> <!-- basic favicon --> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/img/favicon32.7f3da72dcea1.png">
No compatibility data found. Please contribute data for "html.elements.attributes.rel" (depth: 1) to the MDN 兼容性数据存储库 .
| 规范 | 状态 | 注释 |
|---|---|---|
|
HTML 实时标准
The definition of 'rel attribute' in that specification. |
实时标准 |
添加
opener
. Made
noopener
default for
target="_blank"
.
|
|
HTML5
The definition of 'rel attribute' in that specification. |
推荐 |
添加
tag
,
search
,
prefetch
,
noreferrer
,
nofollow
,
icon
，和
作者
.
重命名
copyright
to
license
.
移除
start
,
chapter
,
section
,
subsection
，和
appendix
|
|
Preload
The definition of 'preload' in that specification. |
候选推荐 |
添加
preload
.
|
|
Resource Hints
The definition of 'preconnect' in that specification. |
工作草案 |
添加
dns-prefetch
,
preconnect
，和
prerender
值。
|
|
HTML 4.01 Specification
The definition of 'link types' in that specification. |
推荐 |
添加
alternate
,
样式表
,
start
,
chapter
,
section
,
subsection
,
appendix
，和
bookmark
.
重命名
上一
to
prev
.
移除
top
，和
search
.
|
|
未知
The definition of '<link>' in that specification. |
未知 (Obsolete) |
添加
top
,
contents
,
index
,
glossary
,
copyright
,
next
,
上一
,
help
，和
search
.
|
| RFC 1866: HTML 2.0 | 未知 (Obsolete) | 初始定义。 |
The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.
更新 GitHub 上的兼容性数据| 桌面 | 移动 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rel
|
Chrome 完整支持 1 | Edge 完整支持 12 | Firefox 完整支持 1 | IE 完整支持 Yes | Opera 完整支持 Yes | Safari 完整支持 Yes | WebView Android 完整支持 Yes | Chrome Android 完整支持 Yes | Firefox Android 完整支持 4 | Opera Android 完整支持 Yes | Safari iOS 完整支持 Yes | Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 Yes |
| Alternative stylesheets. | Chrome 不支持 1 — 48 | Edge ? | Firefox 完整支持 3 | IE 完整支持 8 | Opera 完整支持 Yes | Safari ? | WebView Android ? | Chrome Android ? | Firefox Android 完整支持 4 | Opera Android ? | Safari iOS ? | Samsung Internet Android ? |
dns-prefetch
实验性
|
Chrome 完整支持 46 | Edge 完整支持 ≤79 | Firefox 完整支持 3 | IE ? | Opera 完整支持 33 | Safari ? | WebView Android 完整支持 46 | Chrome Android 完整支持 Yes | Firefox Android 完整支持 4 | Opera Android ? | Safari iOS ? | Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 Yes |
icon
|
Chrome
完整支持
4
注意事项
|
Edge
完整支持
12
注意事项
|
Firefox 完整支持 2 | IE 完整支持 11 |
Opera
完整支持
9
注意事项
|
Safari
完整支持
3.1
注意事项
|
WebView Android 完整支持 38 | Chrome Android 完整支持 18 | Firefox Android 完整支持 4 | Opera Android 不支持 No |
Safari iOS
不支持
No
注意事项
|
Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 4.0 |
manifest
实验性
非标
|
Chrome 不支持 No | Edge 不支持 No | Firefox ? | IE ? | Opera 不支持 No | Safari ? | WebView Android 完整支持 39 | Chrome Android 完整支持 39 | Firefox Android ? | Opera Android ? | Safari iOS ? | Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 4.0 |
modulepreload
实验性
|
Chrome 完整支持 66 | Edge 完整支持 ≤79 | Firefox ? | IE ? | Opera 完整支持 53 | Safari ? | WebView Android 完整支持 66 | Chrome Android 完整支持 66 | Firefox Android ? | Opera Android 完整支持 47 | Safari iOS ? | Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 9.0 |
preconnect
实验性
|
Chrome 完整支持 46 | Edge 完整支持 79 |
Firefox
完整支持
39
注意事项
|
IE 不支持 No | Opera 完整支持 33 | Safari 完整支持 11.1 | WebView Android 完整支持 46 | Chrome Android 完整支持 46 |
Firefox Android
完整支持
39
注意事项
|
Opera Android 完整支持 33 | Safari iOS 完整支持 11.3 | Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 4.0 |
prefetch
实验性
|
Chrome 完整支持 8 | Edge 完整支持 12 | Firefox 完整支持 2 | IE 完整支持 11 | Opera 完整支持 15 | Safari 不支持 No | WebView Android 完整支持 4.4 | Chrome Android 完整支持 18 | Firefox Android 完整支持 4 | Opera Android 完整支持 14 | Safari iOS 不支持 No | Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 1.5 |
preload
实验性
|
Chrome 完整支持 50 | Edge 完整支持 ≤79 |
Firefox
不支持
56 — 57
注意事项
|
IE ? | Opera 完整支持 37 | Safari ? | WebView Android 完整支持 50 | Chrome Android 完整支持 50 |
Firefox Android
不支持
56 — 57
注意事项
|
Opera Android ? | Safari iOS ? | Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 5.0 |
prerender
实验性
|
Chrome 完整支持 13 | Edge 完整支持 79 | Firefox 不支持 No | IE 完整支持 11 | Opera 完整支持 15 | Safari 不支持 No | WebView Android 完整支持 4.4 | Chrome Android 完整支持 18 | Firefox Android 不支持 No | Opera Android 完整支持 14 | Safari iOS 不支持 No | Samsung Internet Android 完整支持 1.5 |
完整支持
不支持
兼容性未知
实验。期望将来行为有所改变。
非标。预期跨浏览器支持较差。
见实现注意事项。