MediaQueryList | Web API

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A MediaQueryList object stores information on a media query applied to a document, with support for both immediate and event-driven matching against the state of the document. You can create a MediaQueryList 通过调用 matchMedia() 在 window object. The resulting object handles sending notifications to listeners when the media query state changes (i.e. when the media query test starts or stops evaluating to true ).

This is very useful for adaptive design, since this makes it possible to observe a document to detect when its media queries change, instead of polling the values periodically, and allows you to programmatically make changes to a document based on media query status.

特性

MediaQueryList interface inherits properties from its parent interface, EventTarget .

匹配 只读: 布尔 that returns true 若 document currently matches the media query list, or false 若不。
media 只读: DOMString representing a serialized media query.

方法

MediaQueryList interface inherits methods from its parent interface, EventTarget .

addListener(): Adds to the MediaQueryList a callback which is invoked whenever the media query status—whether or not the document matches the media queries in the list—changes. This method exists primarily for backward compatibility; if possible, you should instead use addEventListener() to watch for the change 事件。
removeListener(): Removes the specified listener callback from the callbacks to be invoked when the MediaQueryList changes media query status, which happens any time the document switches between matching and not matching the media queries listed in the MediaQueryList . This method has been kept for backward compatibility; if possible, you should generally use removeEventListener() to remove change notification callbacks (which should have previously been added using addEventListener() ).

事件

The following events are delivered to MediaQueryList 对象：

change: Sent to the MediaQueryList when the result of running the media query against the document changes. For example, if the media query is (min-width: 400px) ， change event is fired any time the width of the document's viewport changes such that its width moves across the 400px boundary in either direction.
Also available using the onchange event handler property.

范例

This simple example creates a MediaQueryList and then sets up a listener to detect when the media query status changes, running a custom function when it does to change the appearence of the page.

var para = document.querySelector('p');
var mql = window.matchMedia('(max-width: 600px)');
function screenTest(e) {
  if (e.matches) {
    /* the viewport is 600 pixels wide or less */
    para.textContent = 'This is a narrow screen — less than 600px wide.';
    document.body.style.backgroundColor = 'red';
  } else {
    /* the viewport is more than than 600 pixels wide */
    para.textContent = 'This is a wide screen — more than 600px wide.';
    document.body.style.backgroundColor = 'blue';
  }
}
mql.addEventListener('change', screenTest);

注意 : You can find this example on GitHub (see the 源代码 , and also see it running live ).

You can find other examples on the individual property and method pages.

规范

规范	状态	注释
CSSOM (CSS 对象模型) 视图模块 The definition of 'MediaQueryList' in that specification.	工作草案	初始定义

浏览器兼容性

The compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request. 更新 GitHub 上的兼容性数据

	桌面						移动
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari	Android webview	Chrome for Android	Firefox for Android	Opera for Android	Safari on iOS	Samsung Internet
`MediaQueryList`	Chrome 9	Edge 12	Firefox 6	IE 10	Opera 12.1	Safari 5.1 5.1 Prior to Safari 14, `MediaQueryList` 基于 `EventTarget` , so you must use `addListener()` and `removeListener()` to observe media query lists.	WebView Android Yes	Chrome Android 18	Firefox Android Yes	Opera Android Yes	Safari iOS 5 5 Prior to Safari 14, `MediaQueryList` 基于 `EventTarget` , so you must use `addListener()` and `removeListener()` to observe media query lists.	Samsung Internet Android 1.0
`EventListener` objects as parameters	Chrome 45	Edge ≤79	Firefox 55	IE No	Opera No	Safari ?	WebView Android 45	Chrome Android 45	Firefox Android 55	Opera Android No	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 5.0
`MediaQueryList` 继承 `EventTarget`	Chrome 45	Edge 16	Firefox 55	IE No	Opera Yes	Safari No	WebView Android 45	Chrome Android 45	Firefox Android 55	Opera Android Yes	Safari iOS No	Samsung Internet Android 5.0
`addListener()`	Chrome 9	Edge 12	Firefox 6	IE 10	Opera 12.1	Safari 5.1 5.1 Prior to Safari 14, `MediaQueryList` 基于 `EventTarget` , so you must use `addListener()` and `removeListener()` to observe media query lists.	WebView Android Yes	Chrome Android 18	Firefox Android Yes	Opera Android Yes	Safari iOS 5 5 Prior to Safari 14, `MediaQueryList` 基于 `EventTarget` , so you must use `addListener()` and `removeListener()` to observe media query lists.	Samsung Internet Android 1.0
`匹配`	Chrome 9	Edge 12	Firefox 6	IE 10	Opera 12.1	Safari 5.1	WebView Android Yes	Chrome Android 18	Firefox Android Yes	Opera Android Yes	Safari iOS 5	Samsung Internet Android 1.0
`media`	Chrome 9	Edge 12	Firefox 6	IE 10	Opera 12.1	Safari 5.1	WebView Android Yes	Chrome Android 18	Firefox Android Yes	Opera Android Yes	Safari iOS 5	Samsung Internet Android 1.0
`onchange`	Chrome 45	Edge ≤79	Firefox 55	IE No	Opera Yes	Safari No	WebView Android 45	Chrome Android 45	Firefox Android 55	Opera Android Yes	Safari iOS No	Samsung Internet Android 5.0
`removeListener()`	Chrome 9	Edge 12	Firefox 6	IE 10	Opera 12.1	Safari 5.1 5.1 Prior to Safari 14, `MediaQueryList` 基于 `EventTarget` , so you must use `addListener()` and `removeListener()` to observe media query lists.	WebView Android Yes	Chrome Android 18	Firefox Android Yes	Opera Android Yes	Safari iOS 5 5 Prior to Safari 14, `MediaQueryList` 基于 `EventTarget` , so you must use `addListener()` and `removeListener()` to observe media query lists.	Samsung Internet Android 1.0

图例

完整支持
不支持
兼容性未知 ?

另请参阅

媒体查询
Using media queries from code
window.matchMedia()
MediaQueryListListener
MediaQueryListEvent
The article Window.devicePixelRatio also has a useful example

元数据

最后修改： Aug 19, 2020

CSS Object Model
MediaQueryList
特性
方法
1. addListener()
2. removeListener()
Related pages for CSSOM

在此页

特性

方法

事件

范例

规范

浏览器兼容性

图例

另请参阅

相关话题