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• 特性
• 方法
• 弃用特征
• 范例
• 规范
• 浏览器兼容性
• 另请参阅
• 相关话题

AudioListener interface represents the position and orientation of the unique person listening to the audio scene, and is used in audio spatialization . All PannerNode s spatialize in relation to the AudioListener stored in the BaseAudioContext.listener 属性。

It is important to note that there is only one listener per context and that it isn't an AudioNode .

特性

The position, forward, and up value are set and retrieved using different syntaxes. Retrieval is done by accessing, for example, AudioListener.positionX , while setting the same property is done with AudioListener.positionX.value . This is why these values are not marked read only, which is how they appear in the specification's IDL.

AudioListener.positionX

Represents the horizontal position of the listener in a right-hand cartesian coordinate sytem. The default is 0.

AudioListener.positionY

Represents the vertical position of the listener in a right-hand cartesian coordinate sytem. The default is 0.

AudioListener.positionZ

Represents the longitudinal (back and forth) position of the listener in a right-hand cartesian coordinate sytem. The default is 0.

AudioListener.forwardX

Represents the horizontal position of the listener's forward direction in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position ( positionX , positionY ，和 positionZ ) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is 0.

AudioListener.forwardY

Represents the vertical position of the listener's forward direction in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position ( positionX , positionY ，和 positionZ ) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is 0.

AudioListener.forwardZ

Represents the longitudinal (back and forth) position of the listener's forward direction in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position ( positionX , positionY ，和 positionZ ) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is -1.

AudioListener.upX

Represents the horizontal position of the top of the listener's head in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position ( positionX , positionY ，和 positionZ ) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is 0.

AudioListener.upY

Represents the vertical position of the top of the listener's head in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position ( positionX , positionY ，和 positionZ ) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is 1.

AudioListener.upZ

Represents the longitudinal (back and forth) position of the top of the listener's head in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position ( positionX , positionY ，和 positionZ ) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is 0.

方法

AudioListener.setOrientation()

Sets the orientation of the listener.

AudioListener.setPosition()

Sets the position of the listener.

注意 : Although these methods are deprecated they are currently the only way to set the orientation and position in Firefox, Internet Explorer and Safari.

弃用特征

AudioListener.dopplerFactor

A double value representing the amount of pitch shift to use when rendering a doppler effect .

AudioListener.speedOfSound

Is a double value representing the speed of sound, in meters per second .

In a previous version of the specification, the dopplerFactor and speedOfSound properties and the setPosition() method could be used to control the doppler effect applied to AudioBufferSourceNode s connected downstream — these would be pitched up and down according to the relative speed of the PannerNode 和 AudioListener . These features had a number of problems:

• 仅 AudioBufferSourceNode s were pitched up or down, not other source nodes.
• The behavior to adopt when an AudioBufferSourceNode was connected to multiple PannerNode s was unclear.
• Because the velocity of the panner and the listener were not AudioParam s, the pitch modification could not be smoothly applied, resulting in audio glitches.

Because of these issues, these properties and methods have been removed.

setOrientation() and setPosition() methods have been replaced by setting their property value equivilents. For example setPosition(x, y, z) can be achieved by setting positionX.value , positionY.value ，和 positionZ.value 分别。

范例

In the following example, you can see an example of how the createPanner() 方法， AudioListener and PannerNode would be used to control audio spatialisation. Generally you will define the position in 3D space that your audio listener and panner (source) occupy initially, and then update the position of one or both of these as the application is used. You might be moving a character around inside a game world for example, and wanting delivery of audio to change realistically as your character moves closer to or further away from a music player such as a stereo. In the example you can see this being controlled by the functions moveRight() , moveLeft() , etc., which set new values for the panner position via the PositionPanner() 函数。

To see a complete implementation, check out our panner-node example ( view the source code ) — this demo transports you to the 2.5D "Room of metal", where you can play a track on a boom box and then walk around the boom box to see how the sound changes!

Note how we have used some feature detection to either give the browser the newer property values (like AudioListener.forwardX ) for setting position, etc. if it supports those, or older methods (like AudioListener.setOrientation() ) if it still supports those but not the new properties.

// set up listener and panner position information
var WIDTH = window.innerWidth;
var HEIGHT = window.innerHeight;
var xPos = Math.floor(WIDTH/2);
var yPos = Math.floor(HEIGHT/2);
var zPos = 295;
// define other variables
var AudioContext = window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext;
var audioCtx = new AudioContext();
var panner = audioCtx.createPanner();
panner.panningModel = 'HRTF';
panner.distanceModel = 'inverse';
panner.refDistance = 1;
panner.maxDistance = 10000;
panner.rolloffFactor = 1;
panner.coneInnerAngle = 360;
panner.coneOuterAngle = 0;
panner.coneOuterGain = 0;
if(panner.orientationX) {
  panner.orientationX.setValueAtTime(1, audioCtx.currentTime);
  panner.orientationY.setValueAtTime(0, audioCtx.currentTime);
  panner.orientationZ.setValueAtTime(0, audioCtx.currentTime);
} else {
  panner.setOrientation(1,0,0);
}
var listener = audioCtx.listener;
if(listener.forwardX) {
  listener.forwardX.setValueAtTime(0, audioCtx.currentTime);
  listener.forwardY.setValueAtTime(0, audioCtx.currentTime);
  listener.forwardZ.setValueAtTime(-1, audioCtx.currentTime);
  listener.upX.setValueAtTime(0, audioCtx.currentTime);
  listener.upY.setValueAtTime(1, audioCtx.currentTime);
  listener.upZ.setValueAtTime(0, audioCtx.currentTime);
} else {
  listener.setOrientation(0,0,-1,0,1,0);
}
var source;
var play = document.querySelector('.play');
var stop = document.querySelector('.stop');
var boomBox = document.querySelector('.boom-box');
var listenerData = document.querySelector('.listener-data');
var pannerData = document.querySelector('.panner-data');
leftBound = (-xPos) + 50;
rightBound = xPos - 50;
xIterator = WIDTH/150;
// listener will always be in the same place for this demo
if(listener.positionX) {
  listener.positionX.setValueAtTime(xPos, audioCtx.currentTime);
  listener.positionY.setValueAtTime(yPos, audioCtx.currentTime);
  listener.positionZ.setValueAtTime(300, audioCtx.currentTime);
} else {
  listener.setPosition(xPos,yPos,300);
}
listenerData.innerHTML = 'Listener data: X ' + xPos + ' Y ' + yPos + ' Z ' + 300;
// panner will move as the boombox graphic moves around on the screen
function positionPanner() {
  if(panner.positionX) {
    panner.positionX.setValueAtTime(xPos, audioCtx.currentTime);
    panner.positionY.setValueAtTime(yPos, audioCtx.currentTime);
    panner.positionZ.setValueAtTime(zPos, audioCtx.currentTime);
  } else {
    panner.setPosition(xPos,yPos,zPos);
  }
  pannerData.innerHTML = 'Panner data: X ' + xPos + ' Y ' + yPos + ' Z ' + zPos;
}
					

注意 : In terms of working out what position values to apply to the listener and panner, to make the sound appropriate to what the visuals are doing on screen, there is quite a bit of math involved, but you will soon get used to it with a bit of experimentation.

规范

规范	状态	注释
Web 音频 API The definition of 'AudioListener' in that specification.	工作草案

浏览器兼容性

The compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request. 更新 GitHub 上的兼容性数据

	桌面						移动
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari	Android webview	Chrome for Android	Firefox for Android	Opera for Android	Safari on iOS	Samsung Internet
AudioListener	Chrome 14	Edge ≤18	Firefox 25	IE 不支持 No	Opera 15	Safari 6	WebView Android Yes	Chrome Android 18	Firefox Android 26	Opera Android 14	Safari iOS Yes	Samsung Internet Android 1.0
dopplerFactor 弃用	Chrome 不支持 14 — 56	Edge 不支持 12 — 79	Firefox 不支持 25 — 63	IE 不支持 No	Opera 不支持 15 — 43	Safari 6	WebView Android 不支持 ? — 56	Chrome Android 不支持 18 — 56	Firefox Android 不支持 26 — 63	Opera Android 不支持 14 — 43	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 不支持 1.0 — 6.0
forwardX	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0
forwardY	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0
forwardZ	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0
positionX	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0
positionY	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0
positionZ	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0
setOrientation 弃用 非标	Chrome 14	Edge 18	Firefox 25	IE 不支持 No	Opera 15	Safari 6	WebView Android Yes	Chrome Android 18	Firefox Android 26	Opera Android 14	Safari iOS Yes	Samsung Internet Android 1.0
setPosition 弃用 非标	Chrome 14	Edge 12	Firefox 25	IE 不支持 No	Opera 15	Safari 6	WebView Android Yes	Chrome Android 18	Firefox Android 26	Opera Android 14	Safari iOS Yes	Samsung Internet Android 1.0
speedOfSound 弃用	Chrome 不支持 14 — 56	Edge 不支持 12 — 79	Firefox 不支持 25 — 63	IE 不支持 No	Opera 不支持 15 — 43	Safari 6	WebView Android 不支持 ? — 56	Chrome Android 不支持 18 — 56	Firefox Android 不支持 26 — 63	Opera Android 不支持 14 — 43	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 不支持 1.0 — 6.0
upX	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0
upY	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0
upZ	Chrome 52	Edge ≤18	Firefox 不支持 No	IE 不支持 No	Opera 39	Safari 不支持 No	WebView Android 52	Chrome Android 52	Firefox Android 不支持 No	Opera Android 41	Safari iOS ?	Samsung Internet Android 6.0

图例

完整支持

完整支持

不支持

不支持

兼容性未知 ?

兼容性未知

非标。预期跨浏览器支持较差。

弃用。不要用于新网站。

弃用。不要用于新网站。

见实现注意事项。

另请参阅

• 使用 Web 音频 API

元数据

• 最后修改： 2020 年 3 月 26 日

相关话题

1. Web 音频 API
2. AudioListener
3. 特性

   1. dopplerFactor
   2. forwardX
   3. forwardY
   4. forwardZ
   5. positionX
   6. positionY
   7. positionZ
   8. speedOfSound
   9. upX
   10. upY
   11. upZ
4. 方法

   1. setOrientation()
   2. setPosition()
5. Related pages for Web Audio API

   1. AnalyserNode
   2. AudioBuffer
   3. AudioBufferSourceNode
   4. AudioContext
   5. AudioContextOptions
   6. AudioDestinationNode
   7. AudioNode
   8. AudioNodeOptions
   9. AudioParam
   10. AudioProcessingEvent
   11. AudioScheduledSourceNode
   12. AudioWorklet
   13. AudioWorkletGlobalScope
   14. AudioWorkletNode
   15. AudioWorkletProcessor
   16. BaseAudioContext
   17. BiquadFilterNode
   18. ChannelMergerNode
   19. ChannelSplitterNode
   20. ConstantSourceNode
   21. ConvolverNode
   22. DelayNode
   23. DynamicsCompressorNode
   24. GainNode
   25. IIRFilterNode
   26. MediaElementAudioSourceNode
   27. MediaStreamAudioDestinationNode
   28. MediaStreamAudioSourceNode
   29. OfflineAudioCompletionEvent
   30. OfflineAudioContext
   31. OscillatorNode
   32. PannerNode
   33. PeriodicWave
   34. StereoPannerNode
   35. WaveShaperNode