内容表

• 范例
• path
• glyph
• missing-glyph
• Using d as a CSS property
• Path commands
• 规范
• 浏览器兼容性

d

1. SVG 元素

   1. A
      1. <a>
      2. <altGlyph>
      3. <altGlyphDef>
      4. <altGlyphItem>
      5. <animate>
      6. <animateColor>
      7. <animateMotion>
      8. <animateTransform>
   2. B-C
      1. <circle>
      2. <clipPath>
      3. <color-profile>
      4. <cursor>
   3. D
      1. <defs>
      2. <desc>
   4. E
      1. <ellipse>
   5. F
      1. <feBlend>
      2. <feColorMatrix>
      3. <feComponentTransfer>
      4. <feComposite>
      5. <feConvolveMatrix>
      6. <feDiffuseLighting>
      7. <feDisplacementMap>
      8. <feDistantLight>
      9. <feFlood>
      10. <feFuncA>
      11. <feFuncB>
      12. <feFuncG>
      13. <feFuncR>
      14. <feGaussianBlur>
      15. <feImage>
      16. <feMerge>
      17. <feMergeNode>
      18. <feMorphology>
      19. <feOffset>
      20. <fePointLight>
      21. <feSpecularLighting>
      22. <feSpotLight>
      23. <feTile>
      24. <feTurbulence>
      25. <filter>
      26. <font>
      27. <font-face>
      28. <font-face-format>
      29. <font-face-name>
      30. <font-face-src>
      31. <font-face-uri>
      32. <foreignObject>
   6. G
      1. <g>
      2. <glyph>
      3. <glyphRef>
   7. H
      1. <hkern>
   8. I
      1. <image>
   9. J-L
      1. <line>
      2. <linearGradient>
   10. M
       1. <marker>
       2. <mask>
       3. <metadata>
       4. <missing-glyph>
       5. <mpath>
   11. N-P
       1. <path>
       2. <pattern>
       3. <polygon>
       4. <polyline>
   12. Q-R
       1. <radialGradient>
       2. <rect>
   13. S
       1. <script>
       2. <set>
       3. <stop>
       4. <style>
       5. <svg>
       6. <switch>
       7. <symbol>
   14. T
       1. <text>
       2. <textPath>
       3. <title>
       4. <tref>
       5. <tspan>
   15. U
       1. <use>
   16. V-Z
       1. <view>
       2. <vkern>

d attribute defines a path to be drawn.

A path definition is a list of path commands where each command is composed of a command letter and numbers that represent the command parameters. The commands are detailed below .

You can use this attribute with the following SVG elements: <path> , <glyph> , <missing-glyph> .

d 是 presentation attribute , and hence can be also be used as a CSS property .

范例

html,body,svg { height:100% }

					

<svg viewBox="0 0 100 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
    d="M 10,30
       A 20,20 0,0,1 50,30
       A 20,20 0,0,1 90,30
       Q 90,60 50,90
       Q 10,60 10,30 z" />
</svg>

					

path

For <path> , d is a string containing a series of path commands that define the path to be drawn.

值	<string>
默认值	none
Animatable	Yes

glyph

警告： As of SVG2 <glyph> is deprecated and shouldn't be used.

For <glyph> , d is a string containing a series of path commands that define the outline shape of the glyph.

值	<string>
默认值	none
Animatable	Yes

注意： The point of origin (the coordinate 0 , 0 ) is usually the upper left corner of the context. However the <glyph> element has its origin in the bottom left corner of its letterbox.

missing-glyph

警告： As of SVG2 <missing-glyph> is deprecated and shouldn't be used.

For <missing-glyph> , d is a string containing a series of path commands that define the outline shape of the glyph.

值	<string>
默认值	none
Animatable	Yes

Using d as a CSS property

d 是 presentation attribute , and hence can be also be modified using CSS. The property takes either path() or none .

The example below shows how you might apply a new path on hover over an element. The new path is the same as the old one, but adds a line across the heart.

html,body,svg { height:100% }
/* This path is displayed on hover*/
#svg_css_ex1:hover path {
  d: path("M10,30 A20,20 0,0,1 50,30 A20,20 0,0,1 90,30 Q90,60 50,90 Q10,60 10,30 z M5,5 L90,90")
}

					

<svg id="svg_css_ex1" viewBox="0 0 100 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
    d="M 10,30
       A 20,20 0,0,1 50,30
       A 20,20 0,0,1 90,30
       Q 90,60 50,90
       Q 10,60 10,30 z
       " />
</svg>

					

Path commands

Path commands are instructions that define a path to be drawn. Each command is composed of a command letter and numbers that represent the command parameters.

SVG defines 6 types of path commands, for a total of 20 commands:

• MoveTo: M , m
• LineTo: L , l , H , h , V , v
• Cubic Bézier Curve: C , c , S , s
• Quadratic Bézier Curve: Q , q , T , t
• Elliptical Arc Curve: A , a
• ClosePath: Z , z

注意： Commands are case-sensitive . An upper-case command specifies absolute coordinates, while a lower-case command specifies coordinates relative to the current position.

It is always possible to specify a negative value as an argument to a command:

• negative angles will be anti-clockwise;
• absolute negative x and y values are interpreted as negative coordinates;
• relative negative x values move to the left, and relative negative y values move upwards.

MoveTo path commands

MoveTo instructions can be thought of as picking up the drawing instrument, and setting it down somewhere else—in other words, moving the current point ( P _o ; { x _o , y _o }). There is no line drawn between P _o and the new current point ( P _n ; { x _n , y _n }).

命令	参数	注意事项
M	( x , y )+	Move the current point to the coordinate x , y . Any subsequent coordinate pair(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit absolute LineTo ( L ) command(s) ( see below ). Formula: P n = { x , y }
m	( dx , dy )+	Move the current point by shifting the last known position of the path by dx along the x-axis and by dy along the y-axis. Any subsequent coordinate pair(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit relative LineTo ( l ) command(s) ( see below ). Formula: P n = { x o + dx , y o + dy }

范例

html,body,svg { height:100% }

					

<svg viewBox="0 0 100 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
    d="M 10,10 h 10
       m  0,10 h 10
       m  0,10 h 10
       M 40,20 h 10
       m  0,10 h 10
       m  0,10 h 10
       m  0,10 h 10
       M 50,50 h 10
       m-20,10 h 10
       m-20,10 h 10
       m-20,10 h 10" />
</svg>

					

LineTo path commands

LineTo instructions draw a straight line from the current point ( P _o ; { x _o , y _o }) to the end point ( P _n ; { x _n , y _n }), based on the parameters specified. The end point ( P _n ) then becomes the current point for the next command ( P _o ′ ).

命令	参数	注意事项
L	( x , y )+	Draw a line from the current point 到 end point 指定通过 x , y . Any subsequent coordinate pair(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit absolute LineTo ( L ) command(s). Formula: P o ′ = P n = { x , y }
l	( dx , dy )+	Draw a line from the current point 到 end point, which is the current point shifted by dx 沿 X 轴和 dy along the y-axis. Any subsequent coordinate pair(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit relative LineTo ( l ) command(s) ( see below ). Formula: P o ′ = P n = { x o + dx , y o + dy }
H	x +	Draw a horizontal line from the current point 到 end point , which is specified by the x 参数和 current point's y coordinate. Any subsequent value(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit absolute horizontal LineTo ( H ) command(s). Formula: P o ′ = P n = { x , y o }
h	dx +	Draw a horizontal line from the current point 到 end point, which is specified by the current point shifted by dx along the x-axis and the current point's y coordinate. Any subsequent value(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit relative horizontal LineTo ( h ) command(s). Formula: P o ′ = P n = { x o + dx , y o }
V	y +	Draw a vertical line from the current point 到 end point , which is specified by the y 参数和 current point's x coordinate. Any subsequent values are interpreted as parameters for implicit absolute vertical LineTo ( V ) command(s). Formula: P o ′ = P n = { x o , y }
v	dy +	Draw a vertical line from the current point 到 end point, which is specified by the current point shifted by dy along the y-axis and the current point's x coordinate. Any subsequent value(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit relative vertical LineTo ( v ) command(s). Formula: P o ′ = P n = { x o , y o + dy }

范例

html,body,svg { height:100% }

					

<svg viewBox="0 0 200 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <!-- LineTo commands with absolute coordinates -->
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
        d="M 10,10
           L 90,90
           V 10
           H 50" />
  <!-- LineTo commands with relative coordinates -->
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
        d="M 110,10
           l 80,80
           v -80
           h -40" />
</svg>

					

Cubic Bézier Curve

Cubic Bézier curves are smooth curve definitions using four points:

starting point (current point)

( P _o = { x _o , y _o })

end point

( P _n = { x _n , y _n })

start control point

( P _cs = { x _cs , y _cs }) (controls curvature near the start of the curve)

end control point

( P _ce = { x _ce , y _ce }) (controls curvature near the end of the curve)

After drawing, the end point ( P _n ) becomes the current point for the next command ( P _o ′ ).

命令	参数	注意事项
C	( x1 , y1 , x2 , y2 , x , y )+	Draw a cubic Bézier curve from the current point 到 end point 指定通过 x , y 。 start control point is specified by x1 , y1 and the end control point is 指定通过 x2 , y2 . Any subsequent triplet(s) of coordinate pairs are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit absolute cubic Bézier curve ( C ) command(s). Formulae: P o ′ = P n = { x , y } ; P cs = { x1 , y1 } ; P ce = { x2 , y2 }
c	( dx1 , dy1 , dx2 , dy2 , dx , dy )+	Draw a cubic Bézier curve from the current point 到 end point, which is the current point shifted by dx 沿 X 轴和 dy along the y-axis. The start control point 是 current point (starting point of the curve) shifted by dx1 along the x-axis and dy1 along the y-axis. The end control point 是 current point (starting point of the curve) shifted by dx2 along the x-axis and dy2 along the y-axis. Any subsequent triplet(s) of coordinate pairs are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit relative cubic Bézier curve ( c ) command(s). Formulae: P o ′ = P n = { x o + dx , y o + dy } ; P cs = { x o + dx1 , y o + dy1 } ; P ce = { x o + dx2 , y o + dy2 }
S	( x2 , y2 , x , y )+	Draw a smooth cubic Bézier curve from the current point 到 end point 指定通过 x , y 。 end control point is specified by x2 , y2 。 start control point is a reflection of the end control point of the previous curve command. If the previous command wasn't a cubic Bézier curve, the start control point is the same as the curve starting point ( current point ). Any subsequent pair(s) of coordinate pairs are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit absolute smooth cubic Bézier curve ( S ) commands.
s	( dx2 , dy2 , dx , dy )+	Draw a smooth cubic Bézier curve from the current point 到 end point , which is the current point shifted by dx 沿 X 轴和 dy along the y-axis. The end control point 是 current point (starting point of the curve) shifted by dx2 along the x-axis and dy2 along the y-axis. The start control point is a reflection of the end control point of the previous curve command. If the previous command wasn't a cubic Bézier curve, the start control point is the same as the curve starting point ( current point ). Any subsequent pair(s) of coordinate pairs are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit relative smooth cubic Bézier curve ( s ) commands.

范例

html,body,svg { height:100% }

					

<svg viewBox="0 0 200 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <!-- Cubic Bézier curve with absolute coordinates -->
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
        d="M 10,90
           C 30,90 25,10 50,10
           S 70,90 90,90" />
  <!-- Cubic Bézier curve with relative coordinates -->
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
        d="M 110,90
           c 20,0 15,-80 40,-80
           s 20,80 40,80" />
  <!-- Highlight the curve vertex and control points -->
  <g id="ControlPoints">
    <!-- First cubic command control points -->
    <line x1="10" y1="90" x2="30" y2="90" stroke="lightgrey" />
    <circle cx="30" cy="90" r="1.5"/>
    <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="25" y2="10" stroke="lightgrey" />
    <circle cx="25" cy="10" r="1.5"/>
    <!-- Second smooth command control points (the first one is implicit) -->
    <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="75" y2="10" stroke="lightgrey" stroke-dasharray="2" />
    <circle cx="75" cy="10" r="1.5" fill="lightgrey"/>
    <line x1="90" y1="90" x2="70" y2="90" stroke="lightgrey" />
    <circle cx="70" cy="90" r="1.5" />
    <!-- curve vertex points -->
    <circle cx="10" cy="90" r="1.5"/>
    <circle cx="50" cy="10" r="1.5"/>
    <circle cx="90" cy="90" r="1.5"/>
  </g>
  <use xlink:href="#ControlPoints" x="100" />
</svg>

					

Quadratic Bézier Curve

Quadratic Bézier curves are smooth curve definitions using three points:

starting point (current point)

P _o = { x _o , y _o }

end point

P _n = { x _n , y _n }

control point

P _c = { x _c , y _c } (controls curvature)

After drawing, the end point ( P _n ) becomes the current point for the next command ( P _o ′ ).

命令	参数	注意事项
Q	( x1 , y1 , x , y )+	Draw a quadratic Bézier curve from the current point 到 end point 指定通过 x , y 。 control point is specified by x1 , y1 . Any subsequent pair(s) of coordinate pairs are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit absolute quadratic Bézier curve ( Q ) command(s). Formulae: P o ′ = P n = { x , y } ; P c = { x1 , y1 }
q	( dx1 , dy1 , dx , dy )+	Draw a quadratic Bézier curve from the current point 到 end point , which is the current point shifted by dx 沿 X 轴和 dy along the y-axis. The control point 是 current point (starting point of the curve) shifted by dx1 along the x-axis and dy1 along the y-axis. Any subsequent pair(s) of coordinate pairs are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit relative quadratic Bézier curve ( q ) command(s). Formulae: P o ′ = P n = { x o + dx , y o + dy } ; P c = { x o + dx1 , y o + dy1 }
T	( x , y )+	Draw a smooth quadratic Bézier curve from the current point 到 end point 指定通过 x , y 。 control point is a reflection of the control point of the previous curve command. If the previous command wasn't a quadratic Bézier curve, the control point is the same as the curve starting point ( current point ). Any subsequent coordinate pair(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit absolute smooth quadratic Bézier curve ( T ) command(s). Formula: P o ′ = P n = { x , y }
t	( dx , dy )+	Draw a smooth quadratic Bézier curve from the current point 到 end point , which is the current point shifted by dx along the x-axis and dy along the y-axis. The control point is a reflection of the control point of the previous curve command. If the previous command wasn't a quadratic Bézier curve, the control point is the same as the curve starting point ( current point ). Any subsequent coordinate pair(s) are interpreted as parameter(s) for implicit relative smooth quadratic Bézier curve ( t ) command(s). Formulae: P o ′ = P n = { x o + dx , y o + dy }

范例

html,body,svg { height:100% }

					

<svg viewBox="0 0 200 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <!-- Quadratic Bézier curve with implicit repetition -->
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
        d="M 10,50
           Q 25,25 40,50
           t 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0" />
  <!-- Highlight the curve vertex and control points -->
  <g>
    <polyline points="10,50 25,25 40,50" stroke="rgba(0,0,0,.2)" fill="none" />
    <circle cx="25" cy="25" r="1.5" />
    <!-- Curve vertex points -->
    <circle cx="10" cy="50" r="1.5"/>
    <circle cx="40" cy="50" r="1.5"/>
    <g id="SmoothQuadraticDown">
      <polyline points="40,50 55,75 70,50" stroke="rgba(0,0,0,.2)" stroke-dasharray="2" fill="none" />
      <circle cx="55" cy="75" r="1.5" fill="lightgrey" />
      <circle cx="70" cy="50" r="1.5" />
    </g>
    <g id="SmoothQuadraticUp">
      <polyline points="70,50 85,25 100,50" stroke="rgba(0,0,0,.2)" stroke-dasharray="2" fill="none" />
      <circle cx="85" cy="25" r="1.5" fill="lightgrey" />
      <circle cx="100" cy="50" r="1.5" />
    </g>
    <use xlink:href="#SmoothQuadraticDown" x="60" />
    <use xlink:href="#SmoothQuadraticUp"   x="60" />
    <use xlink:href="#SmoothQuadraticDown" x="120" />
  </g>
</svg>

					

Elliptical Arc Curve

Elliptical arc curves are curves defined as a portion of an ellipse. It is sometimes easier to draw highly regular curves with an elliptical arc than with a Bézier curve.

命令	参数	注意事项
A	( rx ry angle large-arc-flag sweep-flag x y )+	Draw an Arc curve from the current point to the coordinate x , y . The center of the ellipse used to draw the arc is determined automatically based on the other parameters of the command: rx and ry are the two radii of the ellipse; angle represents a rotation (in degrees) of the ellipse relative to the x-axis; large-arc-flag and sweep-flag allows to chose which arc must be drawn as 4 possible arcs can be drawn out of the other parameters. large-arc-flag allows to chose one of the large arc ( 1 ) or small arc ( 0 ), sweep-flag allows to chose one of the clockwise turning arc ( 1 ) or counterclockwise turning arc ( 0 ) The coordinate x , y becomes the new current point for the next command. All subsequent sets of parameters are considered implicit absolute arc curve ( A ) commands.
a	( rx ry angle large-arc-flag sweep-flag dx dy )+	Draw an Arc curve from the current point to a point for which coordinates are those of the current point shifted by dx 沿 X 轴和 dy along the y-axis. The center of the ellipse used to draw the arc is determined automatically based on the other parameters of the command: rx and ry are the two radii of the ellipse; angle represents a rotation (in degrees) of the ellipse relative to the x-axis; large-arc-flag and sweep-flag allows to chose which arc must be drawn as 4 possible arcs can be drawn out of the other parameters. large-arc-flag allows a choice of large arc ( 1 ) or small arc ( 0 ), sweep-flag allows a choice of a clockwise arc ( 1 ) or counterclockwise arc ( 0 ) The current point gets its X and Y coordinates shifted by dx and dy for the next command. All subsequent sets of parameters are considered implicit relative arc curve ( a ) commands.

范例

html,body,svg { height:100% }

			

<svg viewBox="0 0 20 20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <!-- The influence of the arc flags with which the arc is drawn -->
  <path fill="none" stroke="red"
        d="M 6,10
           A 6 4 10 1 0 14,10" />
  <path fill="none" stroke="lime"
        d="M 6,10
           A 6 4 10 1 1 14,10" />
  <path fill="none" stroke="purple"
        d="M 6,10
           A 6 4 10 0 1 14,10" />
  <path fill="none" stroke="pink"
        d="M 6,10
           A 6 4 10 0 0 14,10" />
</svg>

			

ClosePath

ClosePath instructions draw a straight line from the current position  to the first point in the path.

命令	参数	注意事项
Z, z		Close the current subpath by connecting the last point of the path with its initial point. If the two points are at different coordinates, a straight line is drawn between those two points.

注意： The appearance of a shape closed with ClosePath may be different to that of one closed by drawing a line to the origin, using one of the other commands, because the line ends are joined together (according to the stroke-linejoin setting), rather than just being placed at the same coordinates.

范例

html,body,svg { height:100% }

			

<svg viewBox="0 -1 30 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <!--
  An open shape with the last point of
  the path different to the first one
  -->
  <path stroke="red"
        d="M 5,1
           l -4,8 8,0" />
  <!--
  An open shape with the last point of
  the path matching the first one
  -->
  <path stroke="red"
        d="M 15,1
           l -4,8 8,0 -4,-8" />
  <!--
  A closed shape with the last point of
  the path different to the first one
  -->
  <path stroke="red"
        d="M 25,1
           l -4,8 8,0
           z" />
</svg>

			

规范

规范	状态	注释
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 2 The definition of 'd' in that specification.	候选推荐	Definition for <path>
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1 (Second Edition) The definition of 'd' in that specification.	推荐	Initial definition for <glyph> and <missing-glyph>
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1 (Second Edition) The definition of 'd' in that specification.	推荐	Initial definition for <path>

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最后修改： Jan 19, 2022 , 由 MDN 贡献者