Web 快速入门

Web 快速入门 is a concise series introducing you to the practicalities of web development. You'll set up the tools you need to construct a simple webpage and publish your own simple code.

您第 1 个网站的故事

It's a lot of work to create a professional website, so if you're new to web development, we encourage you to start small. You won't build another Facebook right away, but it's not hard to make your own simple website online, so we'll start there.

By working through the articles listed below,  you will go from nothing to getting your first webpage online. Let's begin our journey!

安装基本软件

When it comes to tools for building a website, there's a lot to pick from. If you're just starting, you might be confused by the array of code editors, frameworks, and testing tools out there. In 安装基本软件 , we will show you step-by-step how to install the software you need to begin some basic web development.

What will your website look like?

Before you start writing the code for your website, you should plan it first. What information are you showcasing? What fonts and colors are you using? What will your website look like? We outline a simple method you can follow to plan out your site's content and design.

处理文件

A website consists of many files: text content, code, stylesheets, media content, and so on. When you're building a website, you need to assemble these files into a sensible structure and make sure they can talk to one another. 处理文件 explains how to set up a sensible file structure for your website and what issues you should be aware of.

HTML 基础

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the code that you use to structure your web content and give it meaning and purpose. For example, is my content a set of paragraphs or a list of bullet points? Do I have images inserted on my page? Do I have a data table? Without overwhelming you, HTML 基础 provide enough information to make you familiar with HTML.

CSS 基础

Cascading Stylesheets (CSS) is the code that you use to style your website. For example, do you want the text to be black or red? Where should content be drawn on the screen? What background images and colors should be used to decorate your website? CSS 基础 take you through what you need to get started.

JavaScript 基础

JavaScript is the programming language that you use to add interactive features to your website. Some examples could be games, things that happen when buttons are pressed or data is entered in forms, dynamic styling effects, animation, and much more. JavaScript 基础 give you an idea of what is possible with this exciting language, and how to get started.

发布您的网站

Once you have finished writing the code and organizing the files that make up your website, you need to put it all online so people can find it. Publishing your sample code describes how to get your simple sample code online with minimum effort.

How the web works

When you access your favorite website, a lot of complicated things happen in the background that you may not know about. How the web works outlines what happens when you view a webpage on your computer.

另请参阅

  • Web Demystified : A great series of videos explaining web fundamentals, aimed at complete beginners to web development. Created by Jérémie Patonnier .
  • The web and web standards : This article provides some useful background on the Web — how it came about, what web standard technologies are, how they work together, why "web developer" is a great career to choose, and what kinds of best practices you'll learn about through the course.

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  1. Complete beginners start here!
  2. Web 快速入门
    1. Getting started with the Web overview
    2. 安装基本软件
    3. What will your website look like?
    4. 处理文件
    5. HTML 基础
    6. CSS 基础
    7. JavaScript 基础
    8. 发布您的网站
    9. How the Web works
  3. HTML — Structuring the Web
  4. HTML 介绍
    1. Introduction to HTML overview
    2. Getting started with HTML
    3. What's in the head? Metadata in HTML
    4. HTML text fundamentals
    5. Creating hyperlinks
    6. Advanced text formatting
    7. Document and website structure
    8. Debugging HTML
    9. Assessment: Marking up a letter
    10. Assessment: Structuring a page of content
  5. 多媒体和嵌入
    1. Multimedia and embedding overview
    2. Images in HTML
    3. Video and audio content
    4. From object to iframe — other embedding technologies
    5. Adding vector graphics to the Web
    6. Responsive images
    7. Assessment: Mozilla splash page
  6. HTML 表格
    1. HTML tables overview
    2. HTML table basics
    3. HTML Table advanced features and accessibility
    4. Assessment: Structuring planet data
  7. CSS — Styling the Web
  8. CSS 第一步
    1. CSS first steps overview
    2. What is CSS?
    3. Getting started with CSS
    4. How CSS is structured
    5. How CSS works
    6. Using your new knowledge
  9. CSS 构建块
    1. CSS building blocks overview
    2. Cascade and inheritance
    3. CSS 选择器
    4. The box model
    5. Backgrounds and borders
    6. Handling different text directions
    7. Overflowing content
    8. Values and units
    9. Sizing items in CSS
    10. Images, media, and form elements
    11. Styling tables
    12. Debugging CSS
    13. Organizing your CSS
  10. 样式化文本
    1. Styling text overview
    2. Fundamental text and font styling
    3. Styling lists
    4. Styling links
    5. Web fonts
    6. Assessment: Typesetting a community school homepage
  11. CSS 布局
    1. CSS layout overview
    2. Introduction to CSS layout
    3. Normal Flow
    4. Flexbox
    5. Grids
    6. Floats
    7. 位置
    8. Multiple-column Layout
    9. Responsive design
    10. Beginner's guide to media queries
    11. Legacy Layout Methods
    12. Supporting Older Browsers
    13. Fundamental Layout Comprehension
  12. JavaScript — Dynamic client-side scripting
  13. JavaScript 第一步
    1. JavaScript first steps overview
    2. What is JavaScript?
    3. A first splash into JavaScript
    4. What went wrong? Troubleshooting JavaScript
    5. Storing the information you need — Variables
    6. Basic math in JavaScript — Numbers and operators
    7. Handling text — Strings in JavaScript
    8. Useful string methods
    9. 数组
    10. Assessment: Silly story generator
  14. JavaScript 构建块
    1. JavaScript building blocks overview
    2. Making decisions in your code — Conditionals
    3. Looping code
    4. Functions — Reusable blocks of code
    5. Build your own function
    6. Function return values
    7. 事件介绍
    8. Assessment: Image gallery
  15. 引入 JavaScript 对象
    1. Introducing JavaScript objects overview
    2. Object basics
    3. 对象原型
    4. Object-oriented programming concepts
    5. Classes in JavaScript
    6. Working with JSON data
    7. Object building practice
    8. Assessment: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo
  16. 异步 JavaScript
    1. Asynchronous JavaScript overview
    2. General asynchronous programming concepts
    3. Introducing asynchronous JavaScript
    4. Cooperative asynchronous Java​Script: Timeouts and intervals
    5. Graceful asynchronous programming with Promises
    6. Making asynchronous programming easier with async and await
    7. Choosing the right approach
  17. 客户端侧 Web API
    1. 客户端侧 Web API
    2. Introduction to web APIs
    3. Manipulating documents
    4. Fetching data from the server
    5. Third party APIs
    6. Drawing graphics
    7. Video and audio APIs
    8. Client-side storage
  18. Web forms — Working with user data
  19. Core forms learning pathway
    1. Web forms overview
    2. Your first form
    3. How to structure a web form
    4. Basic native form controls
    5. The HTML5 input types
    6. Other form controls
    7. Styling web forms
    8. Advanced form styling
    9. UI pseudo-classes
    10. Client-side form validation
    11. Sending form data
  20. Advanced forms articles
    1. How to build custom form controls
    2. Sending forms through JavaScript
    3. CSS property compatibility table for form controls
  21. Accessibility — Make the web usable by everyone
  22. Accessibility guides
    1. Accessibility overview
    2. What is accessibility?
    3. HTML: A good basis for accessibility
    4. CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices
    5. WAI-ARIA basics
    6. Accessible multimedia
    7. Mobile accessibility
  23. Accessibility assessment
    1. Assessment: Accessibility troubleshooting
  24. Tools and testing
  25. Client-side web development tools
    1. Client-side web development tools index
    2. Client-side tooling overview
    3. Command line crash course
    4. Package management basics
    5. Introducing a complete toolchain
    6. Deploying our app
  26. Introduction to client-side frameworks
    1. Client-side frameworks overview
    2. Framework main features
  27. React
    1. Getting started with React
    2. Beginning our React todo list
    3. Componentizing our React app
    4. React interactivity: Events and state
    5. React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering
    6. Accessibility in React
    7. React resources
  28. Ember
    1. Getting started with Ember
    2. Ember app structure and componentization
    3. Ember interactivity: Events, classes and state
    4. Ember Interactivity: Footer functionality, conditional rendering
    5. Routing in Ember
    6. Ember resources and troubleshooting
  29. Vue
    1. Getting started with Vue
    2. Creating our first Vue component
    3. Rendering a list of Vue components
    4. Adding a new todo form: Vue events, methods, and models
    5. Styling Vue components with CSS
    6. Using Vue computed properties
    7. Vue conditional rendering: editing existing todos
    8. Focus management with Vue refs
    9. Vue resources
  30. Svelte
    1. Getting started with Svelte
    2. Starting our Svelte Todo list app
    3. Dynamic behavior in Svelte: working with variables and props
    4. Componentizing our Svelte app
    5. Advanced Svelte: Reactivity, lifecycle, accessibility
    6. Working with Svelte stores
    7. TypeScript support in Svelte
    8. Deployment and next steps
  31. Angular
    1. Getting started with Angular
    2. Beginning our Angular todo list app
    3. Styling our Angular app
    4. Creating an item component
    5. Filtering our to-do items
    6. Building Angular applications and further resources
  32. Git and GitHub
    1. Git and GitHub overview
    2. Hello World
    3. Git Handbook
    4. Forking Projects
    5. About pull requests
    6. Mastering Issues
  33. Cross browser testing
    1. Cross browser testing overview
    2. Introduction to cross browser testing
    3. Strategies for carrying out testing
    4. Handling common HTML and CSS problems
    5. Handling common JavaScript problems
    6. Handling common accessibility problems
    7. Implementing feature detection
    8. Introduction to automated testing
    9. Setting up your own test automation environment
  34. Server-side website programming
  35. 第一步
    1. First steps overview
    2. Introduction to the server-side
    3. Client-Server overview
    4. Server-side web frameworks
    5. Website security
  36. Django Web 框架 (Python)
    1. Django web framework (Python) overview
    2. 介绍
    3. 设置开发环境
    4. Tutorial: The Local Library website
    5. Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website
    6. Tutorial Part 3: Using models
    7. Tutorial Part 4: Django admin site
    8. Tutorial Part 5: Creating our home page
    9. Tutorial Part 6: Generic list and detail views
    10. Tutorial Part 7: Sessions framework
    11. Tutorial Part 8: User authentication and permissions
    12. Tutorial Part 9: Working with forms
    13. Tutorial Part 10: Testing a Django web application
    14. Tutorial Part 11: Deploying Django to production
    15. Web application security
    16. Assessment: DIY mini blog
  37. Express Web Framework (node.js/JavaScript)
    1. Express Web Framework (Node.js/JavaScript) overview
    2. Express/Node introduction
    3. Setting up a Node (Express) development environment
    4. Express tutorial: The Local Library website
    5. Express Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website
    6. Express Tutorial Part 3: Using a database (with Mongoose)
    7. Express Tutorial Part 4: Routes and controllers
    8. Express Tutorial Part 5: Displaying library data
    9. Express Tutorial Part 6: Working with forms
    10. Express Tutorial Part 7: Deploying to production
  38. Further resources
  39. Common questions
    1. HTML questions
    2. CSS questions
    3. JavaScript questions
    4. Web mechanics
    5. Tools and setup
    6. Design and accessibility