What will your website look like?

What will your website look like? discusses the planning and design work you have to do for your website before writing code, including "What information does my website offer?", "What fonts and colors do I want?", and "What does my site do?"

First things first: planning

Before doing anything, you need some ideas. What should your website actually do? A website can do basically anything, but, for your first try, you should keep things simple. We'll start by creating a simple webpage with a heading, an image, and a few paragraphs.

To begin, you'll need to answer these questions:

  1. What is your website about? Do you like dogs, New York, or Pac-Man?
  2. What information are you presenting on the subject? Write a title and a few paragraphs and think of an image you'd like to show on your page.
  3. What does your website look like, in simple high-level terms? What's the background color? What kind of font is appropriate: formal, cartoony, bold and loud, subtle?

注意: Complex projects need detailed guidelines that go into all the details of colors, fonts, spacing between items on a page, appropriate writing style, and so on. This is sometimes called a design guide, design system, or brand book, and you can see an example at the Firefox Photon Design System .

Sketching out your design

Next, grab pen and paper and sketch out roughly how you want your site to look. For your first simple webpage, there's not much to sketch out, but you should get in the habit of doing this now. It really helps — you don't have to be Van Gogh!

注意: Even on real, complex websites, the design teams usually start out with rough sketches on paper and later on build digital mockups using a graphics editor or web technologies.

Web teams often include both a graphic designer and a user experience (UX) designer. Graphic designers put together the visuals of the website. UX designers have a somewhat more abstract role in addressing how users will experience and interact with the website.

Choosing your assets

At this point, it's good to start putting together the content that will eventually appear on your webpage.

文本

You should still have your paragraphs and title from earlier. Keep these close by.

Theme color

To choose a color, go to the Color Picker and find a color you like. When you click on a color, you'll see a strange six-character code like #660066 . That's called a hex code (short for hexadecimal), and represents your color. Copy the code down somewhere safe for now.

图像

To choose an image, go to Google Images and search for something suitable.

  1. When you find the image you want, click on the image to get an enlarged view of it.
  2. Right-click the image (Ctrl + click on a Mac), choose Save Image As... , and choose a safe place to save your image. Alternatively, copy the image's web address from your browser's address bar for later use.

Note that most images on the web, including in Google Images, are copyrighted. To reduce your likelihood of violating copyright, you can use Google's license filter. Click on the 工具 button, then on the resulting Usage rights option that appears below. You should choose the option Creative Commons licenses .

字体

To choose a font:

  1. Go to Google Fonts and find one you like.
  2. Copy the lines of code Google gives you into your text editor to save for later.
  3. For more details about using Google Fonts, see this page

In this module

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  1. Complete beginners start here!
  2. Web 快速入门
    1. Getting started with the Web overview
    2. 安装基本软件
    3. What will your website look like?
    4. 处理文件
    5. HTML 基础
    6. CSS 基础
    7. JavaScript 基础
    8. 发布您的网站
    9. How the Web works
  3. HTML — Structuring the Web
  4. HTML 介绍
    1. Introduction to HTML overview
    2. Getting started with HTML
    3. What's in the head? Metadata in HTML
    4. HTML text fundamentals
    5. Creating hyperlinks
    6. Advanced text formatting
    7. Document and website structure
    8. Debugging HTML
    9. Assessment: Marking up a letter
    10. Assessment: Structuring a page of content
  5. 多媒体和嵌入
    1. Multimedia and embedding overview
    2. Images in HTML
    3. Video and audio content
    4. From object to iframe — other embedding technologies
    5. Adding vector graphics to the Web
    6. Responsive images
    7. Assessment: Mozilla splash page
  6. HTML 表格
    1. HTML tables overview
    2. HTML table basics
    3. HTML Table advanced features and accessibility
    4. Assessment: Structuring planet data
  7. CSS — Styling the Web
  8. CSS 第一步
    1. CSS first steps overview
    2. What is CSS?
    3. Getting started with CSS
    4. How CSS is structured
    5. How CSS works
    6. Using your new knowledge
  9. CSS 构建块
    1. CSS building blocks overview
    2. Cascade and inheritance
    3. CSS 选择器
    4. The box model
    5. Backgrounds and borders
    6. Handling different text directions
    7. Overflowing content
    8. Values and units
    9. Sizing items in CSS
    10. Images, media, and form elements
    11. Styling tables
    12. Debugging CSS
    13. Organizing your CSS
  10. 样式化文本
    1. Styling text overview
    2. Fundamental text and font styling
    3. Styling lists
    4. Styling links
    5. Web fonts
    6. Assessment: Typesetting a community school homepage
  11. CSS 布局
    1. CSS layout overview
    2. Introduction to CSS layout
    3. Normal Flow
    4. Flexbox
    5. Grids
    6. Floats
    7. 位置
    8. Multiple-column Layout
    9. Responsive design
    10. Beginner's guide to media queries
    11. Legacy Layout Methods
    12. Supporting Older Browsers
    13. Fundamental Layout Comprehension
  12. JavaScript — Dynamic client-side scripting
  13. JavaScript 第一步
    1. JavaScript first steps overview
    2. What is JavaScript?
    3. A first splash into JavaScript
    4. What went wrong? Troubleshooting JavaScript
    5. Storing the information you need — Variables
    6. Basic math in JavaScript — Numbers and operators
    7. Handling text — Strings in JavaScript
    8. Useful string methods
    9. 数组
    10. Assessment: Silly story generator
  14. JavaScript 构建块
    1. JavaScript building blocks overview
    2. Making decisions in your code — Conditionals
    3. Looping code
    4. Functions — Reusable blocks of code
    5. Build your own function
    6. Function return values
    7. 事件介绍
    8. Assessment: Image gallery
  15. 引入 JavaScript 对象
    1. Introducing JavaScript objects overview
    2. Object basics
    3. 对象原型
    4. Object-oriented programming concepts
    5. Classes in JavaScript
    6. Working with JSON data
    7. Object building practice
    8. Assessment: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo
  16. 异步 JavaScript
    1. Asynchronous JavaScript overview
    2. General asynchronous programming concepts
    3. Introducing asynchronous JavaScript
    4. Cooperative asynchronous Java​Script: Timeouts and intervals
    5. Graceful asynchronous programming with Promises
    6. Making asynchronous programming easier with async and await
    7. Choosing the right approach
  17. 客户端侧 Web API
    1. 客户端侧 Web API
    2. Introduction to web APIs
    3. Manipulating documents
    4. Fetching data from the server
    5. Third party APIs
    6. Drawing graphics
    7. Video and audio APIs
    8. Client-side storage
  18. Web forms — Working with user data
  19. Core forms learning pathway
    1. Web forms overview
    2. Your first form
    3. How to structure a web form
    4. Basic native form controls
    5. The HTML5 input types
    6. Other form controls
    7. Styling web forms
    8. Advanced form styling
    9. UI pseudo-classes
    10. Client-side form validation
    11. Sending form data
  20. Advanced forms articles
    1. How to build custom form controls
    2. Sending forms through JavaScript
    3. CSS property compatibility table for form controls
  21. Accessibility — Make the web usable by everyone
  22. Accessibility guides
    1. Accessibility overview
    2. What is accessibility?
    3. HTML: A good basis for accessibility
    4. CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices
    5. WAI-ARIA basics
    6. Accessible multimedia
    7. Mobile accessibility
  23. Accessibility assessment
    1. Assessment: Accessibility troubleshooting
  24. Tools and testing
  25. Client-side web development tools
    1. Client-side web development tools index
    2. Client-side tooling overview
    3. Command line crash course
    4. Package management basics
    5. Introducing a complete toolchain
    6. Deploying our app
  26. Introduction to client-side frameworks
    1. Client-side frameworks overview
    2. Framework main features
  27. React
    1. Getting started with React
    2. Beginning our React todo list
    3. Componentizing our React app
    4. React interactivity: Events and state
    5. React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering
    6. Accessibility in React
    7. React resources
  28. Ember
    1. Getting started with Ember
    2. Ember app structure and componentization
    3. Ember interactivity: Events, classes and state
    4. Ember Interactivity: Footer functionality, conditional rendering
    5. Routing in Ember
    6. Ember resources and troubleshooting
  29. Vue
    1. Getting started with Vue
    2. Creating our first Vue component
    3. Rendering a list of Vue components
    4. Adding a new todo form: Vue events, methods, and models
    5. Styling Vue components with CSS
    6. Using Vue computed properties
    7. Vue conditional rendering: editing existing todos
    8. Focus management with Vue refs
    9. Vue resources
  30. Svelte
    1. Getting started with Svelte
    2. Starting our Svelte Todo list app
    3. Dynamic behavior in Svelte: working with variables and props
    4. Componentizing our Svelte app
    5. Advanced Svelte: Reactivity, lifecycle, accessibility
    6. Working with Svelte stores
    7. TypeScript support in Svelte
    8. Deployment and next steps
  31. Angular
    1. Getting started with Angular
    2. Beginning our Angular todo list app
    3. Styling our Angular app
    4. Creating an item component
    5. Filtering our to-do items
    6. Building Angular applications and further resources
  32. Git and GitHub
    1. Git and GitHub overview
    2. Hello World
    3. Git Handbook
    4. Forking Projects
    5. About pull requests
    6. Mastering Issues
  33. Cross browser testing
    1. Cross browser testing overview
    2. Introduction to cross browser testing
    3. Strategies for carrying out testing
    4. Handling common HTML and CSS problems
    5. Handling common JavaScript problems
    6. Handling common accessibility problems
    7. Implementing feature detection
    8. Introduction to automated testing
    9. Setting up your own test automation environment
  34. Server-side website programming
  35. 第一步
    1. First steps overview
    2. Introduction to the server-side
    3. Client-Server overview
    4. Server-side web frameworks
    5. Website security
  36. Django Web 框架 (Python)
    1. Django web framework (Python) overview
    2. 介绍
    3. 设置开发环境
    4. Tutorial: The Local Library website
    5. Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website
    6. Tutorial Part 3: Using models
    7. Tutorial Part 4: Django admin site
    8. Tutorial Part 5: Creating our home page
    9. Tutorial Part 6: Generic list and detail views
    10. Tutorial Part 7: Sessions framework
    11. Tutorial Part 8: User authentication and permissions
    12. Tutorial Part 9: Working with forms
    13. Tutorial Part 10: Testing a Django web application
    14. Tutorial Part 11: Deploying Django to production
    15. Web application security
    16. Assessment: DIY mini blog
  37. Express Web Framework (node.js/JavaScript)
    1. Express Web Framework (Node.js/JavaScript) overview
    2. Express/Node introduction
    3. Setting up a Node (Express) development environment
    4. Express tutorial: The Local Library website
    5. Express Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website
    6. Express Tutorial Part 3: Using a database (with Mongoose)
    7. Express Tutorial Part 4: Routes and controllers
    8. Express Tutorial Part 5: Displaying library data
    9. Express Tutorial Part 6: Working with forms
    10. Express Tutorial Part 7: Deploying to production
  38. Further resources
  39. Common questions
    1. HTML questions
    2. CSS questions
    3. JavaScript questions
    4. Web mechanics
    5. Tools and setup
    6. Design and accessibility