Django Tutorial: The Local Library website

The first article in our practical tutorial series explains what you'll learn, and provides an overview of the "local library" example website we'll be working through and evolving in subsequent articles.

Prerequisites: Read the  Django Introduction . For the following articles you'll also need to have set up a Django development environment .
Objective: To introduce the example application used in this tutorial, and allow readers to understand what topics will be covered.

概述

Welcome to the MDN "Local Library" Django tutorial, in which we develop a website that might be used to manage the catalog for a local library.

In this series of tutorial articles you will:

  • Use Django's tools to create a skeleton website and application.
  • Start and stop the development server.
  • Create models to represent your application's data.
  • Use the Django admin site to populate your site's data.
  • Create views to retrieve specific data in response to different requests, and templates to render the data as HTML to be displayed in the browser.
  • Create mappers to associate different URL patterns with specific views.
  • Add user authorization and sessions to control site behavior and access.
  • Work with forms.
  • Write test code for your app.
  • Use Django's security effectively.
  • Deploy your application to production.

You have learned about some of these topics already, and touched briefly on others. By the end of the tutorial series you should know enough to develop simple Django apps by yourself.

The LocalLibrary website

LocalLibrary  is the name of the website that we'll create and evolve over the course of this series of tutorials. As you'd expect, the purpose of the website is to provide an online catalog for a small local library, where users can browse available books and manage their accounts.

This example has been carefully chosen because it can scale to show as much or as little detail as we need, and can be used to show off almost any Django feature. More importantly, it allows us to provide a guided  path through the most important functionality in the Django web framework:

  • In the first few tutorial articles we will define a simple browse-only library that library members can use to find out what books are available. This allows us to explore the operations that are common to almost every website: reading and displaying content from a database.
  • As we progress, the library example naturally extends to demonstrate more advanced Django features. For example we can extend the library to allow users to reserve books, and use this to demonstrate how to use forms, and support user authentication.

Even though this is a very extensible example, it's called  Local  for a reason — we're hoping to show the minimum information that will help you get up and running with Django quickly. As a result we'll store information about books, copies of books, authors and other key information. We won't however be storing information about other items a library might store, or provide the infrastructure needed to support multiple library sites or other "big library" features.

I'm stuck, where can I get the source?

As you work through the tutorial we'll provide the appropriate code snippets for you to copy and paste at each point, and there will be other code that we hope you'll extend yourself (with some guidance).

If you get stuck, you can find the fully developed version of the website on Github here .

摘要

Now that you know a bit more about the LocalLibrary website and what you're going to learn, it's time to start creating a skeleton project to contain our example.

In this module

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  1. Complete beginners start here!
  2. Web 快速入门
    1. Getting started with the Web overview
    2. 安装基本软件
    3. What will your website look like?
    4. 处理文件
    5. HTML 基础
    6. CSS 基础
    7. JavaScript 基础
    8. 发布您的网站
    9. How the Web works
  3. HTML — Structuring the Web
  4. HTML 介绍
    1. Introduction to HTML overview
    2. Getting started with HTML
    3. What's in the head? Metadata in HTML
    4. HTML text fundamentals
    5. Creating hyperlinks
    6. Advanced text formatting
    7. Document and website structure
    8. Debugging HTML
    9. Assessment: Marking up a letter
    10. Assessment: Structuring a page of content
  5. 多媒体和嵌入
    1. Multimedia and embedding overview
    2. Images in HTML
    3. Video and audio content
    4. From object to iframe — other embedding technologies
    5. Adding vector graphics to the Web
    6. Responsive images
    7. Assessment: Mozilla splash page
  6. HTML 表格
    1. HTML tables overview
    2. HTML table basics
    3. HTML Table advanced features and accessibility
    4. Assessment: Structuring planet data
  7. CSS — Styling the Web
  8. CSS 第一步
    1. CSS first steps overview
    2. What is CSS?
    3. Getting started with CSS
    4. How CSS is structured
    5. How CSS works
    6. Using your new knowledge
  9. CSS 构建块
    1. CSS building blocks overview
    2. Cascade and inheritance
    3. CSS 选择器
    4. The box model
    5. Backgrounds and borders
    6. Handling different text directions
    7. Overflowing content
    8. Values and units
    9. Sizing items in CSS
    10. Images, media, and form elements
    11. Styling tables
    12. Debugging CSS
    13. Organizing your CSS
  10. 样式化文本
    1. Styling text overview
    2. Fundamental text and font styling
    3. Styling lists
    4. Styling links
    5. Web fonts
    6. Assessment: Typesetting a community school homepage
  11. CSS 布局
    1. CSS layout overview
    2. Introduction to CSS layout
    3. Normal Flow
    4. Flexbox
    5. Grids
    6. Floats
    7. 位置
    8. Multiple-column Layout
    9. Responsive design
    10. Beginner's guide to media queries
    11. Legacy Layout Methods
    12. Supporting Older Browsers
    13. Fundamental Layout Comprehension
  12. JavaScript — Dynamic client-side scripting
  13. JavaScript 第一步
    1. JavaScript first steps overview
    2. What is JavaScript?
    3. A first splash into JavaScript
    4. What went wrong? Troubleshooting JavaScript
    5. Storing the information you need — Variables
    6. Basic math in JavaScript — Numbers and operators
    7. Handling text — Strings in JavaScript
    8. Useful string methods
    9. 数组
    10. Assessment: Silly story generator
  14. JavaScript 构建块
    1. JavaScript building blocks overview
    2. Making decisions in your code — Conditionals
    3. Looping code
    4. Functions — Reusable blocks of code
    5. Build your own function
    6. Function return values
    7. 事件介绍
    8. Assessment: Image gallery
  15. 引入 JavaScript 对象
    1. Introducing JavaScript objects overview
    2. Object basics
    3. 对象原型
    4. Object-oriented programming concepts
    5. Classes in JavaScript
    6. Working with JSON data
    7. Object building practice
    8. Assessment: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo
  16. 异步 JavaScript
    1. Asynchronous JavaScript overview
    2. General asynchronous programming concepts
    3. Introducing asynchronous JavaScript
    4. Cooperative asynchronous Java​Script: Timeouts and intervals
    5. Graceful asynchronous programming with Promises
    6. Making asynchronous programming easier with async and await
    7. Choosing the right approach
  17. 客户端侧 Web API
    1. 客户端侧 Web API
    2. Introduction to web APIs
    3. Manipulating documents
    4. Fetching data from the server
    5. Third party APIs
    6. Drawing graphics
    7. Video and audio APIs
    8. Client-side storage
  18. Web forms — Working with user data
  19. Core forms learning pathway
    1. Web forms overview
    2. Your first form
    3. How to structure a web form
    4. Basic native form controls
    5. The HTML5 input types
    6. Other form controls
    7. Styling web forms
    8. Advanced form styling
    9. UI pseudo-classes
    10. Client-side form validation
    11. Sending form data
  20. Advanced forms articles
    1. How to build custom form controls
    2. Sending forms through JavaScript
    3. CSS property compatibility table for form controls
  21. Accessibility — Make the web usable by everyone
  22. Accessibility guides
    1. Accessibility overview
    2. What is accessibility?
    3. HTML: A good basis for accessibility
    4. CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices
    5. WAI-ARIA basics
    6. Accessible multimedia
    7. Mobile accessibility
  23. Accessibility assessment
    1. Assessment: Accessibility troubleshooting
  24. Tools and testing
  25. Client-side web development tools
    1. Client-side web development tools index
    2. Client-side tooling overview
    3. Command line crash course
    4. Package management basics
    5. Introducing a complete toolchain
    6. Deploying our app
  26. Introduction to client-side frameworks
    1. Client-side frameworks overview
    2. Framework main features
  27. React
    1. Getting started with React
    2. Beginning our React todo list
    3. Componentizing our React app
    4. React interactivity: Events and state
    5. React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering
    6. Accessibility in React
    7. React resources
  28. Ember
    1. Getting started with Ember
    2. Ember app structure and componentization
    3. Ember interactivity: Events, classes and state
    4. Ember Interactivity: Footer functionality, conditional rendering
    5. Routing in Ember
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  29. Vue
    1. Getting started with Vue
    2. Creating our first Vue component
    3. Rendering a list of Vue components
    4. Adding a new todo form: Vue events, methods, and models
    5. Styling Vue components with CSS
    6. Using Vue computed properties
    7. Vue conditional rendering: editing existing todos
    8. Focus management with Vue refs
    9. Vue resources
  30. Svelte
    1. Getting started with Svelte
    2. Starting our Svelte Todo list app
    3. Dynamic behavior in Svelte: working with variables and props
    4. Componentizing our Svelte app
    5. Advanced Svelte: Reactivity, lifecycle, accessibility
    6. Working with Svelte stores
    7. TypeScript support in Svelte
    8. Deployment and next steps
  31. Angular
    1. Getting started with Angular
    2. Beginning our Angular todo list app
    3. Styling our Angular app
    4. Creating an item component
    5. Filtering our to-do items
    6. Building Angular applications and further resources
  32. Git and GitHub
    1. Git and GitHub overview
    2. Hello World
    3. Git Handbook
    4. Forking Projects
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    6. Mastering Issues
  33. Cross browser testing
    1. Cross browser testing overview
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    7. Implementing feature detection
    8. Introduction to automated testing
    9. Setting up your own test automation environment
  34. Server-side website programming
  35. 第一步
    1. First steps overview
    2. Introduction to the server-side
    3. Client-Server overview
    4. Server-side web frameworks
    5. Website security
  36. Django Web 框架 (Python)
    1. Django web framework (Python) overview
    2. 介绍
    3. 设置开发环境
    4. Tutorial: The Local Library website
    5. Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website
    6. Tutorial Part 3: Using models
    7. Tutorial Part 4: Django admin site
    8. Tutorial Part 5: Creating our home page
    9. Tutorial Part 6: Generic list and detail views
    10. Tutorial Part 7: Sessions framework
    11. Tutorial Part 8: User authentication and permissions
    12. Tutorial Part 9: Working with forms
    13. Tutorial Part 10: Testing a Django web application
    14. Tutorial Part 11: Deploying Django to production
    15. Web application security
    16. Assessment: DIY mini blog
  37. Express Web Framework (node.js/JavaScript)
    1. Express Web Framework (Node.js/JavaScript) overview
    2. Express/Node introduction
    3. Setting up a Node (Express) development environment
    4. Express tutorial: The Local Library website
    5. Express Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website
    6. Express Tutorial Part 3: Using a database (with Mongoose)
    7. Express Tutorial Part 4: Routes and controllers
    8. Express Tutorial Part 5: Displaying library data
    9. Express Tutorial Part 6: Working with forms
    10. Express Tutorial Part 7: Deploying to production
  38. Further resources
  39. Common questions
    1. HTML questions
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    3. JavaScript questions
    4. Web mechanics
    5. Tools and setup
    6. Design and accessibility